Ringfort (Rath), Kilbarry By.), Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Kilbarry By.), Co. Cork

A low earthen ring sits in a pasture field on a north-east-facing slope in Kilbarry, County Cork, easy to overlook and easier still to walk past without quite registering what it is.

The bank, now standing only around 0.7 metres high, traces a circle roughly 44 metres across from north to south, and what was once an organised system of ditches, one running outside the bank and one inside, has long since silted up and flattened into the surrounding ground.

This is a rath, the commonest type of enclosed settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from somewhere between the fifth and twelfth centuries. A rath was built by throwing up a circular earthen bank around a domestic space, with the excavated material forming that same bank, leaving a fosse, or ditch, in its wake. The arrangement here, with evidence of both an external and an internal fosse, suggests a more elaborate original construction than the simpler single-bank examples found across the country. At 44 metres in diameter the interior would have been a reasonable working space, large enough for a small farmstead with outbuildings, a household of middling status in the social order of its time. Centuries of agricultural use have done their work on the visible remains, reducing what was once a carefully engineered boundary to a modest undulation in the field.

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Pete F
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