Ringfort (Rath), Killoshulan, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ringforts
Some ancient sites announce themselves with standing stones or dramatic earthworks.
This one, in the townland of Killoshulan in County Kilkenny, gave itself away only from the air. What survives on the ground amounts to traces of a low bank and a shallow outer fosse, the encircling ditch that once helped define the boundary of a rath, as ringforts of this earthen type are sometimes called. The whole enclosure measures roughly 28 metres in diameter, modest even by the standards of these sites, and easy to overlook entirely at ground level.
The site was identified through aerial photography, specifically from a Geological Survey of Ireland image, a reminder that many such features have entered the record not through excavation or fieldwork but through the particular light conditions, crop marks, and shadow angles that only become legible when viewed from above. Ringforts in general are among the most common field monuments in Ireland, thought to date largely from the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, and typically interpreted as the enclosed farmsteads of free farmers. Most were defined by one or more earthen banks with an outer fosse, enclosing a space used for livestock, dwellings, and daily agricultural life. The example at Killoshulan fits that broad pattern, though its slight surviving remains suggest considerable erosion over the intervening centuries.