Ringfort (Rath), Kilmore, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
Most ringforts survive as obvious lumps in the landscape, their earthen banks still chest-high after a thousand years of farming around them.
The one at Kilmore in County Tipperary has been treated rather less kindly. Levelled at some point in the past, probably by generations of agricultural improvement, it now reads as little more than a broad, shallow ring pressed into the pasture on a south-facing hillside, just below the flat crest of a low rise in undulating farmland. It takes a particular kind of attention to see it at all.
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically circular, defined by one or more earthen banks and external ditches. The Kilmore example measures roughly 45.4 metres north to south and about 48 metres east to west, placing it comfortably within the normal size range for a single-family settlement. Despite the levelling, the enclosing bank is still traceable as a broad, very shallow rise, with occasional stones breaking the surface where the earthwork has worn thin. There is no visible evidence of an external fosse, the ditch that would ordinarily have run outside the bank, though one may once have existed and simply filled in over time. More intriguing is a gap of 2.6 metres in the bank in the south-south-east quadrant, which may represent the original entrance, oriented, as was common practice, towards the south and the morning light. The interior of the enclosure slopes gently southward.
At ground level the site can be difficult to read, and low-angled winter light, which throws shallow earthworks into sharper relief, gives the clearest sense of the circuit. Stones protruding from the bank surface offer the best points of orientation when walking the perimeter.