Ringfort (Rath), Kilpatrick, Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Kilpatrick, Co. Cork

There is nothing to see at this particular spot near the Brinny River, and that is precisely what makes it worth knowing about.

The ringfort, or rath, a type of circular earthwork enclosure used as a farmstead during the early medieval period, that once stood on this south-east-facing slope in Kilpatrick has been levelled entirely. The field looks like pasture. The monument exists now mainly as a curve in a field boundary and as a name passed down by a former landowner, who recalled a place known locally as 'lissie wither', a name that likely preserves a version of the Irish 'lios', meaning a fort or enclosed settlement.

The site was recorded on a 1775 map by the surveyor B. Scalé, where it appears as a circular feature labelled 'Danes Fort', a term commonly applied in that era to any earthwork of uncertain antiquity, the assumption being that anything old and round must have had something to do with the Vikings. By the time modern fieldwork was carried out, the rath was no longer visible at ground level, though the low earthen bank forming the eastern field boundary, which drops about one and a half metres to a lane, may itself be a remnant, possibly disturbed when the lane was built. The real curiosity, however, is what happened during ploughing. A horse's leg broke through into what was described as a 'little tunnel' running north-east in the direction of Rockfort, the townland across the Brinny River. This is thought to be a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage associated with early medieval settlements, sometimes used for storage or refuge, and a likely companion feature to the rath above it. The idea of a tunnel extending beneath fields towards a neighbouring townland adds a dimension to the site that the blank pasture above gives no hint of.

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Pete F
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