Ringfort (Rath), Lisheenafeela, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Lisheenafeela, Co. Cork

At some point in the late 1990s, a ringfort that had survived for perhaps a thousand years in the pastureland of Lisheenafeela, County Cork, was levelled.

Aerial photography caught what ground-level observation might easily have missed: a circular earthwork that had once been a legible, measurable presence in the landscape had been erased, almost certainly by agricultural machinery. It is the kind of quiet disappearance that leaves almost nothing to see, and yet the record of what existed before the damage makes the absence itself worth noting.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths or lios, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the twelfth centuries. They functioned as enclosed farmsteads, the earthen bank and external ditch, or fosse, providing a degree of security for a family and their livestock rather than any serious military defence. The Lisheenafeela example was a modest but well-preserved specimen: a roughly circular enclosure measuring approximately 39 metres east to west and 36 metres north to south, with an earthen bank standing around 1.05 metres on the interior face and 1.3 metres on the exterior. A shallow fosse, only about 0.2 metres deep, ran outside the bank, by then surviving more as a gentle slope than a defined ditch. A 3-metre-wide entrance opened to the west. The interior was grass-covered and level, the bank overgrown with briars and bushes. It was, in other words, quietly intact, the kind of feature that persists in farmland for centuries simply because it is easier to graze around than to remove.

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