Ringfort (Rath), Lissard By.), Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Lissard By.), Co. Cork

A laneway cuts straight through the south-eastern edge of this ringfort in Lissard, Co. Cork, a small act of agricultural pragmatism that has been quietly eroding a structure well over a thousand years old.

The intrusion is a reminder of how routinely these sites get absorbed into the working landscape, their ancient geometry interrupted by the demands of farming.

The fort is a rath, the most common type of early medieval enclosed settlement in Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area defined by one or more earthen banks, with a ditch beyond. A fosse is simply the ditch or trench dug outside the bank, its excavated material often used to build up the enclosure wall itself. Here, the circular enclosure measures roughly 45 metres north to south, enclosed by an earthen bank standing about 1.6 metres high. The external fosse, around 1.5 metres deep, survives along the south-south-west to north-west arc of the site, but has been filled in along the stretch running from north-west to north-north-east. The whole sits on a south-south-east-facing slope, now given over to pasture, a setting typical of the small farming homesteads these structures are thought to have served during the early Christian period in Ireland, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries.

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