Ringfort (Rath), Maulmareen, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Maulmareen, Co. Cork

A modern road has quietly done what centuries of weather and farming could not quite manage: cut straight through an ancient enclosure at Maulmareen in West Cork, slicing off part of a ringfort that had otherwise kept its shape for over a millennium.

The north-to-south roadway clips the eastern side of the enclosure, leaving the rest of the circuit largely intact in the surrounding pasture.

A rath, as this type of monument is formally known, is an earthen ringfort, a roughly circular enclosure defined by a raised bank and, often, an outer ditch called a fosse. These structures were built predominantly during the early medieval period, broadly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and functioned as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or small community. The Maulmareen example sits on a north-north-westward-facing slope, and its defining bank still rises to about 1.2 metres. A shallow fosse, the external ditch that would have added both drainage and a degree of defensive depth, survives to the north-west, though at only 0.35 metres deep it is considerably worn. The overall diameter of the enclosure is approximately 32 metres, placing it within the typical range for a single-family rath of the period.

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