Ringfort (Rath), Moneen, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Moneen, Co. Galway

Most ringforts announce themselves with at least some drama, a raised silhouette against the skyline or a clearly defined circular bank cutting into a field.

The example at Moneen, on a south-facing slope of a ridge in County Galway, has almost none of that. What survives is barely a suggestion of the original enclosure, a partial bank and external fosse, the fosse being a defensive ditch running outside the bank, visible only from the south around through the west to the north. Everywhere else, the enclosing elements have vanished entirely from the surface.

A rath is an early medieval farmstead enclosure, typically circular or subcircular in plan and defined by one or more earthen banks with accompanying ditches. They are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, numbering in the tens of thousands, yet even within that category there is considerable variation in what survives. At Moneen, the original circuit measured approximately forty metres from north to south, making it a fairly typical domestic-scale example. A field bank has been built around the outside of the fosse at some point, which may partly explain why the fosse itself is still traceable on part of the circuit; the later boundary incidentally preserved what agricultural activity elsewhere eroded away. Roughly 170 metres to the west-northwest, a separate earthwork sits in the same landscape, though the relationship between the two features, whether contemporary, sequential, or entirely unconnected, is not recorded.

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