Ringfort (Rath), Mountbridget, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
What looks from a distance like a slight thickening of a hillside pasture turns out, on closer inspection, to be a carefully engineered enclosure that has outlasted almost everything built in the same era.
This ringfort near Mountbridget in north Cork sits near the top of a northeast-facing slope, its roughly circular interior measuring just over twenty-four metres across. The builders levelled up the northeastern side of the interior to compensate for the natural gradient of the hill, a small but telling detail that speaks to how seriously the space within was taken.
A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. Most were the homes of farming families of some local standing, defined by an earthen bank and, often, a shallow external ditch known as a fosse. Here, the bank survives to about a metre in height on the interior and just under a metre on the outside, with a fosse still visible to a depth of around forty-five centimetres on part of the circuit. Where the bank lacks a fosse, a natural or cut scarp takes its place on the northwestern to southwestern arc. Notably, the outer face of the bank has been reinforced with stone facing that closely resembles the field boundaries of the surrounding farmland, suggesting either that the original builders used local stone as a matter of course, or that later generations quietly incorporated the ancient structure into their ongoing management of the land. About two hundred metres to the southeast lies the site of a much larger levelled enclosure recorded under the placename Lissanourd, "lios" being the Irish word for an enclosed space or ringfort. The two sites in proximity hint at a landscape that was once more densely settled than it appears today.