Ringfort (Rath), Parkgarriff, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Parkgarriff, Co. Cork

On an east-west ridge in the tillage fields of Parkgarriff, County Cork, there is almost nothing left to see, and yet something is undeniably there.

A faint circular swelling in the ground, roughly 26 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west, marks the site of an early medieval ringfort, known in Irish as a rath. These enclosures, typically circular earthwork settlements enclosed by one or more banks and ditches, were the standard form of rural farmstead in Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. This one has been levelled, absorbed into agricultural land over the centuries, and now survives only as a quiet disturbance in the topography.

The Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, across all their editions, recorded the site as a slight curve in a field boundary, which is often how these places persist after the earthwork itself has gone: the line of a bank becomes a field fence, and the fence outlasts any memory of what it once enclosed. At Parkgarriff, an overgrown field fence running from the west-southwest to the east, standing around two metres high, may represent exactly that survival, the original bank absorbed into a later boundary. To the east, a shallow trace of the fosse remains, the fosse being the external ditch that accompanied the bank, here reduced to a depression of only about 0.2 metres. It is a thin record, but it confirms the shape of what stood here.

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