Ringfort (Rath), Raheen By.), Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
In the pastureland of Raheen townland in County Cork, an earthen circle sits quietly on a slope facing the east-north-east, largely unchanged in its essential form since the early medieval period.
It is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which is to say a roughly circular enclosure defined by one or more banks of earth, built primarily as a defended farmstead for a family of some local standing. This particular example is a confident piece of earthwork: a raised circular area running forty metres north to south, enclosed by a bank still standing 2.1 metres high. That the bank has survived to such a height across the centuries, under grazing animals and the slow press of weather, is itself a quiet kind of achievement.
Ringforts are among the most common archaeological monuments in Ireland, with estimates running into the tens of thousands, yet each retains its own particular character in the landscape. This one carries several readable features. To the south, a shallow external fosse, essentially a ditch dug to throw up material for the bank itself, survives at around 0.4 metres depth, considerably reduced from whatever it once was but still traceable. To the north-north-west, a gap three metres wide interrupts the bank, almost certainly the original entrance, the point through which livestock were driven and through which people passed on daily business. The site sits on an east-north-east-facing slope, a practical choice in a farming context, offering some shelter from prevailing westerlies while still catching morning light over the enclosed ground.