Ringfort (Rath), Rathduff, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rathduff, Co. Cork

Some of the most interesting archaeological sites in Ireland are the ones that have ceased to exist.

At Rathduff in County Cork, a ringfort once occupied a roughly circular area of around 25 metres in diameter, its earthen banks enclosing whatever domestic life played out inside. Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were typically enclosed farmsteads built between the early medieval period and around the twelfth century, their raised banks and ditches marking a boundary between the household within and the wider landscape without. This one survives only as a cartographic ghost. By the time anyone thought to record it formally, the ground had already been levelled, and today there is no visible trace at the surface.

The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map is the source of what little we know. On that sheet, the fort appears as a hachured circular enclosure, the standard convention surveyors used to indicate an earthwork of some kind. It sat in pasture, close to a railway line, which may or may not have contributed to its eventual disappearance. The railway age and the pressure it placed on land use, combined with the general improvement of agricultural fields throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, account for the loss of a great many such sites across Ireland. Whatever the specific cause here, nothing now breaks the surface at Rathduff to indicate that this small enclosed world ever existed.

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