Ringfort (Rath), Rathmore, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
On an east-facing slope just below the crest of a hill in County Tipperary, a roughly circular earthwork sits in a working agricultural landscape, surrounded by tillage fields and quietly going about the business of surviving.
What makes the Rathmore ringfort worth pausing over is the degree to which centuries of farming have pressed against it without quite erasing it. The eastern entrance, originally the formal threshold of the enclosure, has been widened to around 6.6 metres to let modern machinery pass through. A wall of five concrete block courses has been built into what was once the outer bank. And yet the essential structure persists, still readable in the landscape for those who know what to look for.
A rath, as this type of monument is sometimes called, is a ringfort defined by earthen banks and a surrounding ditch, or fosse, rather than stone walls. They were constructed predominantly during the early medieval period in Ireland, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and functioned as enclosed farmsteads for relatively prosperous families. The Rathmore example is a substantial one. The interior measures approximately 45.6 metres from north-west to south-east and 43.7 metres from north-east to south-west, enclosed by an inner bank with a base width of between 5.3 and 6.7 metres, a flat-bottomed fosse up to 3.2 metres wide, and an outer bank beyond that. Ash trees and thorn bushes have rooted along the inner bank, brambles and scrub have colonised the fosse in the south-western quadrant, and the interior itself was thick with nettles and thistles at the time of inspection. There is a narrow cattle gap through the inner bank in the west, complete with a slight causeway across the fosse, suggesting the enclosure has been pressed into use as a field boundary or animal pen at various points since its original purpose was abandoned. The gravel roadway that runs up towards the eastern entrance speaks to the same long continuity of use, the ancient monument folded, not always gently, into the rhythms of a farm that has no reason to stop.