Ringfort (Rath), Rockforest, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rockforest, Co. Cork

On a north-west-facing slope in Rockforest, County Cork, a roughly circular earthwork sits quietly in pastureland, its double rings of banks and ditches largely swallowed by trees, bushes, and briars.

What makes it worth pausing over is the view it was almost certainly built to command: the River Blackwater opens out to the north and north-west, and the elevated position would have made this a place of some local significance, even if the vegetation now makes it hard to read the landscape from inside.

The site is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, a class of enclosed farmstead built predominantly between the sixth and tenth centuries, though some date earlier or later. Thousands survive across Ireland, making them one of the most common archaeological monument types in the country, yet each one carries its own configuration and setting. This example at Rockforest is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric earthen banks rather than the single bank more usually seen. Between those banks runs a fosse, the technical term for a ditch dug to provide the material for the banks themselves and to add a further obstacle to any approach. The inner bank stands to an external height of around 1.5 metres above the base of the fosse, while the outer bank reaches roughly 0.9 metres on its inner face and 0.8 metres on the outside. The enclosure itself measures approximately 40 metres in diameter. To the north, the external fosse has softened over time into a slight slope rather than a sharp-cut ditch, a common outcome where centuries of rain and agricultural activity have gradually blurred the original profile.

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Pete F
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