Ringfort (Rath), Rossline, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Rossline, Co. Cork

What survives of this ringfort in Rossline is barely a rumour in the ground: a gentle arc of raised earth, curving roughly west to east for about twenty-nine metres along the northern side of a field boundary.

South of the fence, nothing. The circular form that once defined this place has been ploughed or grazed into invisibility, and only that partial rim on the northern edge hints at what stood here. Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, within which a family would have kept their home and livestock. This one belongs to a category of site that archaeology frequently has to piece together from fragments and old maps rather than from anything you can walk around.The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, one of the most detailed early cartographic records of the Irish landscape, depicts the enclosure as a hachured circle, the standard notation for an earthwork of this kind. By that point it may already have been partially degraded, but enough remained to map. Writing in 1934, a researcher named Bowman recorded two levelled single-ramparted forts on the land of a Mr Foley in this area, noting diameters of twenty-nine yards and thirty-five yards respectively. The site described here corresponds to the smaller of the two. Its near neighbour, a second ringfort, lies only about twenty-five metres to the west, which is a notably close spacing and suggests this corner of north Cork once supported a concentration of early settlement activity whose full character is now largely lost to subsequent farming.

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