Ringfort (Rath), Scart, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
What makes this particular earthwork quietly arresting is not any single dramatic feature but the pairing: two ringforts sitting roughly 28 metres apart in the same field, close enough to have been neighbours in the early medieval world, each still legible in the landscape after more than a thousand years.
The one at Scart is modest in scale, a roughly circular platform measuring 26 metres north to south and 24 metres east to west, but its survival as a coherent form in ordinary farmland pasture is the thing worth noticing.
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dating to somewhere between the fifth and twelfth centuries. They were the most common form of rural settlement in Ireland during that era, and tens of thousands were built, though many have since been ploughed out or built over. This one retains its earthen bank, though the bank is low and worn, standing only 0.7 metres above the interior and 1.7 metres above the surrounding ground to the north-east and north-north-west, with a scarp of about a metre elsewhere. Many stones have worked their way to the surface through the bank, suggesting the original construction may have incorporated rubble or that the earthwork has simply settled and eroded over centuries. A fosse, the external ditch dug to provide material for the bank and to reinforce the enclosure, is still visible as a shallow depression to the south-west and west. The entrance, a causewayed gap about two metres wide, faces south-south-west, a fairly typical orientation for a rath. An unpublished archaeological report by the Archaeological Services Unit at University College Cork was produced in July 2000, though its findings have not entered the public record in detail.