Ringfort (Rath), Scrahanard, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
On a south-facing slope at Scrahanard in County Cork, a ringfort sits quietly in pasture, its earthen defences still substantial enough to read clearly in the landscape after more than a thousand years.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when formed from earth rather than stone, were the most common form of enclosed settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically serving as farmsteads for a single family and their livestock. What makes this one worth a closer look is the particular care with which it was constructed to work with, rather than against, the hillside it occupies.
The enclosure measures roughly 28 metres north to south and 27 metres east to west, defined by an earthen bank that reaches 2.2 metres in height along part of its circuit, and a scarp of 2.4 metres elsewhere. A scarp, in this context, is simply a steep slope cut into the hillside to serve the same defensive or boundary purpose as a built-up bank. The bank itself is not uniform; it decreases in height from the north around to the south-south-west and south-east, following the natural fall of the ground. Internally, the south side of the enclosure has been deliberately raised to create a level floor, compensating for the slope beneath. Fragments of stone facing survive on the interior face to the north-east, suggesting the bank was once revetted with stone, a detail that hints at the effort invested in the original construction. The entrance, two metres wide and orientated to the north-north-east, retains stone facing on its northern side, giving some sense of how the threshold would originally have appeared.