Ringfort (Rath), Shanbally, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
At the foot of Slievenamon, the great mountain in south Tipperary associated with mythology and folk memory, a low earthen ring sits on a south-south-west-facing slope, quietly absorbed into the working landscape of a modern farm.
A driveway passes its eastern side, conifers crowd the south-east and south-west quadrants, and the interior is so heavily overgrown with brambles that the full dimensions, roughly 21 metres north to south and 25 metres east to west, are difficult to appreciate on the ground. What was once a self-contained enclosed settlement is now, in practical terms, part of someone's yard.
The monument is a rath, the most common type of early medieval settlement in Ireland, typically consisting of a roughly circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks, sometimes with an outer ditch or fosse. Here the bank survives with a crest width of about 1.4 metres and an external height of just over a metre, though the interior height is somewhat lower at around 0.6 metres. Notably, the bank has been modified at some later point by the addition of revetment, which is to say the facing of an earthen structure with stone to stabilise or reinforce it. Drystone walling retains both the inner and outer faces of the bank in the north-east quadrant, and there are further traces of revetment in the north and south sectors. This later intervention is considered to have probably obscured the original entrance feature, so where people once passed in and out of the enclosure is no longer obvious. There is no visible trace of an external fosse, the ditch that would ordinarily ring a monument of this kind. A large beech tree has established itself on the bank in the north-east quadrant, its roots likely doing further quiet work on whatever structural integrity remains. Rubbish burning has taken place in the north-west corner of the interior, a small indignity common to old monuments that sit within active farmyards.