Ringfort (Rath), Trenchardstown, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Trenchardstown, Co. Kilkenny

A ringfort sat in a field for centuries without anyone thinking to put it on a map, or at least not the first Ordnance Survey map of 1839, which instead shows a small woodland plantation occupying the same ground in Trenchardstown, County Kilkenny.

The fort was effectively invisible to the cartographers, its earthworks concealed beneath the trees. By the time the OS revised its maps around 1900, the plantation had been cleared and the monument finally emerged into the official record.

What the clearance revealed is a roughly circular enclosure of about 34 metres in internal diameter, the kind of earthwork known as a rath, a term used for the ringforts that served as enclosed farmsteads across Ireland during the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries. The surviving earthworks include a fosse, which is a defensive ditch, along with an outer bank, both visible in the north-east to south-east sector of the enclosure. The site is also well-watered, with one stream running north-west to south-east near the north-eastern edge and another cutting north-east to south-west immediately to the south. Whether these watercourses influenced the original choice of location, perhaps for drainage or livestock management, is not recorded, but their presence gives the site a particular character within the broader landscape.

By 2020, satellite imagery showed the monument once again heavily overgrown with trees, woodland pressing in from the north, east, and west. The earthworks that briefly appeared on maps after 1900 have been largely reclaimed by vegetation, which is fitting in an odd way for a site that spent its first decades in cartographic obscurity hidden beneath a plantation.

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