Ringfort (Rath), Tullaroan, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Tullaroan, Co. Kilkenny

A field in Tullaroan has been called 'Moat Field' since at least 1839, when the name was recorded on the first edition six-inch Ordnance Survey map, and locals were still calling the earthwork within it 'the moat' into the early twentieth century.

The label is understandable. What sits in this pasture on a south-east-facing valley slope is a substantial flat-topped mound, rising between four and six metres, with a diameter of twenty-eight metres across the summit and a clearly defined entrance three metres wide on the eastern side. It reads, at first glance, like something fortified and commanding, which is precisely what makes its classification so uncertain.

The structure has long been catalogued as a ringfort, the type of enclosed circular settlement, typically of early medieval date, that once numbered in the tens of thousands across Ireland. But there is a complication. The medieval church of Tullaroan stands roughly a hundred metres to the east, and the combination of the monument's raised profile and its proximity to an ecclesiastical site has led to the suggestion that it may instead be a ringwork, a Norman-era earthwork fortification that superficially resembles a ringfort but belongs to a quite different tradition of military and manorial construction introduced after the twelfth-century invasion. The distinction matters, though the ground itself keeps its own counsel. A depression on the western side, roughly eleven metres by nine metres and about two metres deep, may be the result of deliberate landscaping rather than any original feature, a reading supported by the presence of a tree-planted windbreak immediately in front of it along the slope edge. Mature trees have also taken root inside the interior over time.

The monument sits in working pasture, and the 'Moat Field' name, recorded by the historian William Carrigan in 1905, suggests it has been a local landmark for generations without ever quite resolving the question of what, precisely, it is.

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