Ringfort (Rath), Ummeraboy, Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Ummeraboy, Co. Cork

The field at Ummeraboy in north Cork carries a name that outlasted the structure it once described.

Known locally as Pairc a Leasa, meaning roughly the field of the fort or enclosure, it sits on a gently south-facing slope that now shows almost nothing to the casual eye. What was once a ringfort, a type of circular earthwork enclosure used throughout early medieval Ireland as a farmstead or defended homestead, has been levelled to the point where only a faint circular rise in the pasture grass marks where it stood.

The site was recorded by Bowman in 1934, who noted a single-ramparted fort of approximately 34 metres in diameter on land belonging to a J. O'Connor. A ringfort of this type would originally have consisted of a raised earthen bank, or rath, encircling a domestic interior used for habitation and livestock. By the time the Ordnance Survey produced its six-inch maps in 1904 and again in 1938, the feature was already depicted in hachured form, the cartographic shorthand for a circular raised area, suggesting the earthwork was recognisable but already diminished. Today the visible diameter has contracted somewhat to around 30 metres, and the bank itself has been reduced to a low, barely perceptible swell in the ground. What keeps the site from disappearing entirely from memory is the field name, which has persisted in local usage long after the physical remains ceased to be obvious.

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