Ringfort (Rath), Upperwood Demesne, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Upperwood Demesne, Co. Kilkenny

In the woodland of Upperwood Demesne in County Kilkenny, a large circular earthwork sits in the trees, unrecorded on the earliest detailed maps of the area and quietly ignored by the road that clips its edge.

That road, running northwest to southeast, has cut through the southwestern quadrant of the monument, shearing away part of the bank and the fosse, the shallow external ditch that would once have defined the enclosure's outer boundary. What remains is substantial enough: a roughly circular area of approximately 68 to 70 metres in diameter, enclosed along its northern, eastern, and southern arcs by a wide, low earthen bank, with traces of the fosse still legible from the northeast around to the southeast.

A rath is an early medieval earthen ringfort, typically a defended farmstead enclosed by one or more banks and ditches, and this example is a reasonably large specimen of the type. The fact that it does not appear on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, surveyed in 1839, is itself quietly telling. That survey was meticulous across most of Ireland, and an absence from it usually suggests the feature was either obscured by mature woodland at the time of the survey or simply overlooked by the surveyors as they worked through heavily wooded demesne ground. The interior today is overgrown with trees and scrub, which may well reflect a continuity of that same woodland cover, the ringfort absorbed into the managed landscape of the demesne and left undisturbed except where the road eventually intruded.

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Pete F
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