Ringfort (Rath), Whitechurch, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Whitechurch, Co. Cork

In a pasture field on a south-facing slope near Whitechurch in County Cork, a ringfort has been reduced to almost nothing, yet it refuses to disappear entirely.

What was once a defended circular enclosure, roughly forty metres in diameter, now survives only as a low rise in the ground, a subtle swell in the grass that traces the line of what was once a substantial earthen bank.

Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the most common type of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a family farmstead within one or more circular earthen banks. Most date from roughly the sixth to the tenth centuries, though many remained in use for longer. The Whitechurch example was clearly visible on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, recorded there as a neat circular enclosure, which tells us it was still legible to nineteenth-century surveyors even if agricultural activity had already begun to wear it down. Since then, levelling has done further damage, leaving only that faint circular rise as evidence of the original bank. Approximately fifty metres to the north-east lies a separate and distinct feature, a moated site, a type of monument more common in areas of medieval Anglo-Norman settlement, where a raised platform was surrounded by a water-filled ditch. The proximity of these two sites, representing different periods and different cultural traditions of enclosure, gives the field an unexpectedly layered quality.

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Pete F
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