Road - togher, Killoran, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Roads & Tracks

Road – togher, Killoran, Co. Tipperary

Preserved beneath the surface of Derryville Bog in County Tipperary lies a network of ancient roads that no living person has ever walked in the ordinary sense.

Twenty-nine toghers, trackways built from wood to allow passage across waterlogged ground, were identified within Killoran townland alone during field survey in the late 1990s. A togher is essentially a bog road, constructed by laying timber flat across soft or flooded terrain to create a stable surface, and they appear throughout Ireland wherever communities needed reliable crossing points through otherwise impassable ground. What makes this cluster unusual is not just its density but the sheer variety of construction methods preserved within a single bog.

The survey, conducted by Gowen in 1999, found that fifteen of the toghers were built entirely from brushwood, the simplest form of construction, while the remainder combined brushwood with roundwood to create sturdier surfaces. Three examples showed evidence of pegs or stakes, suggesting that the builders went to the additional effort of pinning the structure in place against the shifting ground. Wood species identified across thirteen of the toghers included alder, ash, birch, elm, hazel, holly, and mountain ash, with ash and hazel predominating, pointing to deliberate selection rather than whatever happened to be available. One togher yielded a radiocarbon date placing its construction between AD 1024 and 1162, firmly within the early medieval period, when Irish bogs were working landscapes rather than the quiet, undisturbed places they are often imagined to have been. The variety of techniques and materials across so many examples in a single townland suggests that these were not one-off solutions but the result of generations of practical knowledge about how to move safely through wet ground.

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