Road - togher, Killoran, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Roads & Tracks
Beneath the surface of Derryville Bog in County Tipperary lies a network of ancient roads that were never meant to last above ground.
In Killoran townland alone, field survey identified twenty-nine toghers, the Irish term for a bog road or trackway, structures built to carry people and animals across otherwise impassable wetland. That so many survive in a single townland, preserved by the anaerobic conditions of the bog, gives some sense of how intensively this landscape was once used and how methodically its inhabitants engineered their way through it.
A survey carried out by Gowen in 1999 recorded the construction techniques in detail. Fifteen of the toghers were built entirely from brushwood, laid flat to distribute weight across the soft ground. The remainder combined brushwood with roundwood, and three showed evidence of pegs or stakes driven in to hold the material in place. Wood species were identified in thirteen of the trackways, including alder, ash, birch, elm, hazel, holly, and mountain ash, with ash and hazel appearing most frequently, likely reflecting what was locally available and easily worked. One togher yielded a radiocarbon date placing its construction somewhere between AD 1024 and 1162, situating it firmly in the early medieval period, when Ireland's bogs were being crossed and exploited rather than simply avoided. Whether the other toghers belong to the same period or span a wider range of time, the surviving evidence does not say, but twenty-nine crossings in one townland suggests a community that moved through this bog regularly and knew it well.


