Road - togher, Killoran, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Roads & Tracks
Beneath the surface of Derryville Bog in County Tipperary, a network of ancient roads lies preserved in the peat, invisible to anyone walking above them.
These are toghers, a word from the Irish tóchar, referring to causeways or trackways built across bogland to allow passage through terrain that would otherwise be impassable. In Killoran townland alone, field survey identified twenty-nine of them, or possible examples, a concentration that suggests this was once a well-travelled corridor through the wetlands of North Tipperary.
A survey carried out by Gowen in 1999 examined the construction methods across these trackways and found considerable variety. Fifteen were built using brushwood alone, the simplest approach, laying cut branches across the soft ground to create a firm surface underfoot. The remainder combined brushwood with roundwood, which likely gave a more durable and stable footing. Three examples showed evidence of pegs or stakes, suggesting a more deliberate effort to anchor the structure in place. Wood identification across thirteen of the toghers revealed that the builders drew on whatever the local landscape offered: alder, ash, birch, elm, hazel, holly, and mountain ash, with ash and hazel appearing most frequently. One togher was radiocarbon dated from a timber sample and returned a date range of AD 1024 to 1162, placing it firmly in the early medieval period, a time when such bog roads were a practical necessity for communities moving livestock, goods, and people across Ireland's vast midland wetlands. Whether the other twenty-eight toghers cluster around the same period or span a wider range of time is not clear from available evidence, which is itself a reminder of how much these bogs have yet to yield.


