Road - togher, Longfordpass, Co. Tipperary

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Roads & Tracks

Road – togher, Longfordpass, Co. Tipperary

Beneath the surface of Littleton Bog in County Tipperary, about half a metre below a modern field, lies a stretch of road that has not carried a single footstep in over two thousand years.

A togher, as these ancient bog roads are known, is essentially a causeway of laid timber built across soft or waterlogged ground to make it passable. This particular example was not driven across open bogland in the dramatic manner of some Irish toghers; it runs east to west along the northern edge of the bog, keeping close to firmer ground on the eastern side, suggesting it was threading a careful route between wet and dry terrain rather than striking out boldly into the morass.

A peatland survey conducted in 2006 by Archaeological Development Services, and reported by Whitaker, recorded the togher at roughly thirty metres in length and between 1.68 and 2.08 metres wide. Radiocarbon dating placed its construction somewhere between 390 and 40 BC, which puts it broadly in the Irish Iron Age. The road was built from longitudinally laid brushwood and roundwood timbers, the individual elements ranging from about two to nine centimetres in diameter, held in place at intervals by transversely laid brushwood. At the western end, where it was exposed in a drain face, the wood was found to be in notably good condition, preserved by the anaerobic, oxygen-poor conditions of the bog, though machinery had caused some damage at the cut edge. Particularly interesting is its relationship to a second togher found running parallel to it, just under a metre to the north, designated LTN0028. Both structures were found at the same level within the bog, which suggests they may have been in use at much the same time, perhaps serving slightly different purposes or different directions of travel along the same corridor. The surrounding peat was a well-humified, Sphagnum-rich material with occasional traces of Eriophorum, the cotton grass that is characteristic of Irish raised bogs, a small botanical detail that quietly confirms the wetland environment these travellers were navigating.

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