Rock art, An Choill Mhór, Co. Kerry

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Settlement Sites

Rock art, An Choill Mhór, Co. Kerry

Two shallow circular depressions carved into a sandstone outcrop in rough Kerry pasture, each no wider than a child's palm, represent one of the more quietly puzzling survivals in the Irish prehistoric landscape.

The rock itself is modest, less than a metre across and barely a hand-span above ground on its higher side, but the pair of marks it carries, known as cupmarks, connect it to a tradition of carved stone art that appears across Atlantic Europe during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. Cupmarks are among the most common motifs in this tradition, simple bowl-shaped hollows ground or pecked into rock surfaces, whose purpose remains genuinely unknown. The two here sit roughly six centimetres apart on a small decorated surface no bigger than a paperback book, both partially furred over with white lichen.

The outcrop sits at around 94 metres above sea level on an otherwise north-west-facing slope at An Choill Mhór, occupying a roughly level shelf of ground that opens up remarkable sightlines. To the west, north, and north-east, the Brandon Mountain range fills the horizon, with Brandon Bay and the Maharee Islands visible beyond. To the south-south-east, the Lough Adoon waterfall can be made out, while Slievanea mountain rises above the site to the south-west. Whether that panoramic position was meaningful to whoever carved the marks is impossible to say, though it is a recurring feature of rock art sites across Ireland and Britain that they tend to occupy ground with wide views rather than sheltered or concealed spots. A second rock art site lies approximately 80 metres to the east, suggesting this small area of hillside carried some significance, or at least sustained repeated use, over time.

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