Ringfort (Rath), Annagloor, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
There is nothing to see at Annagloor.
That is, in a sense, the whole point. On a gently sloping pasture field in north Cork, a ringfort that stood for perhaps a millennium and a half was removed in a single afternoon in 1958, leaving no visible trace above ground. Where there was once a circular earthen enclosure, there is now only grass.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths or lios, were the typical farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. They consisted of a raised circular bank, or rampart, enclosing a domestic area, often with a ditch, called a fosse, dug around the outside. The Annagloor example was a modest one: a single-ramparted fort roughly thirty yards across, with a bank standing about two feet high and a fosse that had already been filled in by the time Bowman recorded it in 1934. The site appeared on Ordnance Survey maps from 1842 onwards, marked as a hachured circular enclosure, and was still noted on the 1938 edition. It sat on land belonging to a J. Looney. By 1958, according to Walsh, a bulldozer had levelled it entirely. Particularly notable was the presence of a souterrain in the fort's north-eastern quadrant. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage, typically associated with ringforts and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both; the one at Annagloor is recorded separately but shares the fate of its parent structure, now buried and inaccessible beneath the field.
What makes the site worth knowing about is less what survives than what the sequence of documentation reveals. Mapped in 1842, measured in 1934, erased in 1958: the arc from record to rubble took little more than a century. Thousands of ringforts across Ireland were lost in the same post-war decades, as land reclamation and mechanised farming reshaped the countryside. Annagloor is one data point among many, but it has the melancholy distinction of a precise date attached to its disappearance.