Ringfort (Rath), Ballaghdorragha, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballaghdorragha, Co. Galway

On a west-facing slope above the bog in north Galway, an oval earthwork sits in fair condition, quietly holding its shape after well over a thousand years.

What makes this rath slightly unusual is the detail still visible within its enclosure: a grassed-over rectangular stone structure, roughly five metres long and four metres wide, that may once have been a house, surrounded by a series of mounds and hollows that likely represent the internal divisions of a small farmstead. Most ringforts read as little more than a raised rim in the landscape; this one offers a faint floor plan.

A rath is a type of ringfort, typically a circular or oval enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks with a ditch, known as a fosse, between them, and used as a defended homestead during the early medieval period in Ireland. This example measures 47 metres east to west and 30.5 metres north to south, and is defined by two banks with an intervening fosse. The inner bank is revetted with stone on both faces across the eastern, southern, and western arcs, meaning that drystone walling was used to shore up the earthen bank and give it a more formal face. Elsewhere the enclosure relies on a natural scarp. The fosse and outer bank are best preserved on that same eastern to western arc. A gap on the eastern side may be the original entrance. Roughly 375 metres to the north-west lies a souterrain, a type of underground stone-lined passage associated with early medieval settlements, often used for storage or concealment, recorded separately and suggesting that this part of the landscape was once more densely occupied than its present boggy quietness implies. The site was noted by Neary as early as 1914.

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