Ringfort (Rath), Caherolickane, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Caherolickane, Co. Cork

There is nothing to see at Caherolickane now, and that absence is precisely what makes it worth thinking about.

On a shoulder of hill in West Cork, with Dunmanus Bay opening out to the north and northwest and the slopes of Mount Corrin and Mount Gabriel visible across the valley to the east, a rath once occupied one of those quietly commanding positions that early medieval farmers and landowners seemed to favour instinctively. A rath, or ringfort, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by earthen banks and ditches, the typical farmstead of Gaelic Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. Tens of thousands of them survive across the island in varying states of preservation. This one does not survive at all.

The site was levelled around 1980, most likely as part of land improvement work, a fate that came to many ringforts during the decades when agricultural grants incentivised the clearance of earthworks from pasture and tillage fields. Before that happened, the rath at Caherolickane would have been a legible feature on the hillside, its banks giving some sense of the enclosed space where a family or small community once lived, kept animals, and looked out over the same bay and mountain ridges that are still there today. The place name itself carries a trace: "caher" derives from the Irish cathair, a word used for stone ringforts in particular, suggesting the site may have had a stone-built component or that local memory associated it with that form of enclosure.

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