Ringfort (Rath), Killetragh, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
Some of the most quietly significant archaeological sites in Ireland are the ones that have entirely ceased to exist.
A south-facing slope in Killetragh, County Cork, holds no visible trace of what was once a ringfort, the circular earthwork enclosures built in their thousands across Ireland from the early medieval period onward, typically serving as defended farmsteads for a family and their livestock. The ground here has been levelled so completely that a visitor walking the pasture today would have no reason to pause.
The site survives only in records. The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map shows it clearly, rendered as a hachured circular enclosure roughly thirty metres in diameter, with a lime kiln marked on its south-eastern side. Lime kilns, used to burn limestone and produce quicklime for agricultural and building purposes, were a common feature of the eighteenth and nineteenth-century landscape, and their proximity to older earthworks was not unusual; a levelled fort made a convenient source of material or simply left a patch of ground that saw other uses. By 1934, when Bowman recorded the site, the fort was already gone, described then as a levelled single-ramparted example of about thirty-seven yards in diameter, at that time on land belonging to a Mrs. Singleton. The slight discrepancy in the diameter figures between the map depiction and Bowman's account is the kind of small variation that field recording often produces, and neither figure suggests anything out of the ordinary in scale. What is ordinary, and worth noting, is how routine this kind of loss was across the Irish countryside, and how much of what the early Ordnance Survey cartographers carefully documented has since vanished entirely into the soil.