Ringfort (Rath), Kilronane, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Kilronane, Co. Cork

A roughly circular earthwork sitting on a break in a north-facing slope in Kilronane, County Cork, this rath is easy to walk past without quite registering what you are looking at.

What reads at first glance as a slight unevenness in pastureland is, on closer inspection, the surviving outline of an enclosed farmstead that would have been occupied during the early medieval period, most likely somewhere between the fifth and twelfth centuries.

A rath, sometimes called a ringfort, is an enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, and was the standard form of rural settlement across early medieval Ireland. This particular example measures 39 metres across in both directions, making it a fairly typical size. Its boundary is not uniform: a scarp, a steep-sided earth face rising to about a metre in height, runs from the west around to the south-east, while a low earthen bank, standing internally to around 0.8 metres, carries on from there to the south-south-west. The variation in form around the circuit may simply reflect how the enclosure was adapted to the natural contours of the slope. More telling, perhaps, is the presence of what appears to be field clearance material dumped along parts of the scarp and elsewhere around the perimeter, now grassed over and blending into the general topography. It suggests that the site has been treated as a convenient dumping ground at some point, a fate that befell many such monuments as farming practices changed and their original significance faded from local memory.

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