Ringfort (Rath), Knockansweeny, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Knockansweeny, Co. Cork

Locals call it the sandhill, which is not quite wrong but misses most of the story.

Rising above the scrub at Knockansweeny in north Cork is a ringfort, a type of enclosed settlement built mostly during the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, in which an earthen bank and ditch defined a farmstead or the home of a minor lord. What makes this one worth a second look is that it is not simply a single-bank affair. It is a multivallate ringfort, meaning it has more than one enclosing bank and ditch, a feature generally associated with higher-status occupants in early Irish society.

The site is circular, measuring 38 metres across in both directions, and preserves a fairly legible arrangement of earthworks despite the scrub cover. Two earthen banks survive, separated by a fosse, which is the ditch dug to provide material for the bank and to reinforce the boundary. The inner bank still stands to about half a metre on its interior face, while the middle bank reaches 1.3 metres on its exterior. A third bank, around 0.8 metres high, runs from south to west with a second fosse between it and the middle bank. There are breaks in the inner and middle banks to the east, almost certainly the original entrance, and a second gap roughly two metres wide in the middle bank to the north-east. The interior takes in the very top of the hill, with the highest ground sitting at the centre, covered now in ferns rather than whatever structures once stood there.

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