Ringfort (Rath), Lissareemig, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
A low drumlin in West Cork, the kind of rounded glacial hill that barely registers as a landmark, turns out to be a surprisingly deliberate choice of location.
Sitting on top of that gentle rise in Lissareemig, a ringfort commands its small patch of pasture with quiet authority, its circular enclosure still legible in the landscape after well over a thousand years.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when built primarily from earth, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically serving as enclosed farmsteads for a single family and their livestock. This one at Lissareemig is roughly circular, measuring about 26.9 metres north to south and 27.4 metres east to west, enclosed by an earthen bank standing around 1.3 metres high. Along the western to north-north-eastern arc, that bank has been reinforced or capped with a stone wall, suggesting either repair work at some point or a deliberate variation in construction technique. Outside the bank, on the western and southern sides, there is a fosse, which is simply the ditch dug out when the bank material was piled up, though here it is relatively shallow at around 0.25 metres deep. There are three gaps in the bank: a narrow one to the north-north-east at 1.6 metres wide, another to the north-east at 2.2 metres, and a wider southern opening of 7.7 metres that is accompanied by a causeway crossing the fosse, almost certainly the main entrance. The combination of bank, wall, and fosse, along with the elevated drumlin position, would have given the enclosure a reasonable degree of visibility and natural defensibility, though ringforts of this type are generally understood as agricultural and social spaces rather than purely military ones.