Ringfort (Rath), Raheen More, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Raheen More, Co. Cork

What makes this earthwork in Raheen More quietly arresting is not its size but its detail.

A roughly oval raised area, measuring approximately 40.5 metres north to south and 45.5 metres east to west, it is enclosed by an earthen bank still standing around two metres high, with a shallow external fosse, or ditch, running around its outside edge. A rath, as this type of ringfort is commonly known, was the standard enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically the home of a single family and their livestock. Most were built and occupied between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. What lifts this one slightly out of the ordinary is the standing stone positioned within the fosse to the south, a separate and presumably much older monument that whoever built or used the rath either chose to preserve or simply decided to work around.

The interior of the enclosure slopes downward toward the east and is crossed by cultivation ridges running east to west, the kind of low parallel earthworks left by repeated ploughing over many seasons. These ridges suggest the interior was at some point turned over to tillage rather than used solely as a domestic enclosure, though whether that happened during the rath's active life or long after it fell out of use is difficult to say with certainty. There are gaps in the bank at four points, to the north-east, east-south-east, south, and north-north-west, though it is not always easy to tell which of these were original entrances and which are later breaks caused by agriculture, land clearance, or simple erosion over the centuries.

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