Enclosure, Bracklagh, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
On a gentle rise in County Mayo, a faint oval swelling in the pasture is easy to mistake for a natural undulation in the ground.
Look more carefully, though, and the low curve of an ancient earthwork begins to resolve itself, a rath, the remains of a ringfort that once defined someone's domestic world, perhaps fifteen centuries ago or more. A rath typically consisted of a circular or oval enclosure bounded by an earthen bank and an outer ditch, known as a fosse, and served as a farmstead or household enclosure in early medieval Ireland. This one at Bracklagh sits quietly above a wide sweep of lowlying grassland and bog to the west, which would have made it a useful vantage point for whoever occupied it.
The enclosure is broadly oval, measuring roughly 29 metres on its longer axis, and what survives is a patchwork of erosion and alteration. Along the south and southeast, a dilapidated scarp drops between 0.4 and 1.4 metres. Along the western arc, the original bank is still faintly legible as a low degraded rise, roughly 1.4 metres wide and standing just 0.7 metres on the exterior face. A short section near the southwest has been faced and capped with stone, which appears to be a relatively recent modification rather than original fabric. The northern and northeastern portions of the enclosing bank have been levelled entirely. Outside the bank on the southwest to northwest side, a strip of notably denser vegetation about 2 metres wide hints at a filled-in fosse. The site never appeared on the first Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1838, and only showed up as a curved line of hachuring on the 1916 edition, already partially cut off by field boundaries that had grown up around it. Modern property fences now cross through the interior, one running roughly north to south, another extending southeast through the lower quadrant. A few hawthorn and alder trees cling to the scarp at the southeast. What gives the site an added dimension is its relationship to a second rath lying roughly 100 metres downslope to the southwest; two such enclosures in close proximity, one elevated above the other, suggest this was once a more densely settled corner of the landscape than it appears today.