Enclosure, Glanballyma, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Enclosures
In the pastureland of Glanballyma, a quietly anomalous square sits in an otherwise ordinary Kerry field.
Most earthwork enclosures in Ireland are roughly circular, the familiar ringfort shape that dots the countryside in the hundreds of thousands. This one, however, is nearly square, approximately 22.7 metres north to south and 20 metres east to west, with rounded corners softening what is otherwise a distinctly rectilinear outline. That geometry alone sets it apart from the common run of early medieval settlement earthworks.
The enclosure is defined by an earthen bank, the kind built up from material thrown inward and outward when a boundary ditch was dug. The difference in height between its interior and exterior faces tells its own quiet story: inside, the bank rises only 0.65 metres above the level ground, while outside it stands 1.55 metres tall, suggesting the original ditch lay to the exterior and that the ground within was kept deliberately level. That interior is indeed level, which itself is unusual on terrain that slopes gently eastward. More intriguing still is a secondary, lower bank running parallel to the enclosing wall within the southeast quadrant, its purpose unclear, though internal subdivisions of this kind occasionally indicate separate functional areas within an enclosure. Along the western exterior, a narrow berm, a flat ledge roughly a metre wide and just under two and a half metres long, separates the base of the bank from a field drain and boundary that curves around the structure from west to north-northwest. Whether that drain is ancient or a later agricultural addition is not recorded, but the fact that the boundary skirts the enclosure rather than cutting through it suggests the earthwork was recognised as something worth going around.