Ringfort (Rath), Gneeves, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gneeves, Co. Cork

A circular earthen enclosure sits quietly in pasture at the base of Bailocke Mountain in north Cork, its bank still intact along much of its circuit despite the accumulated weight of vegetation and centuries of agricultural activity.

This is a rath, the most common type of ringfort in Ireland, a form of enclosed farmstead typically dating from the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. The enclosure here measures twenty-four metres in diameter, modest even by the standards of the type, and its earthen bank survives to an external height of around one metre, with an outer ditch, known as a fosse, still traceable to the south-southeast.

What makes this particular site quietly instructive is what the Ordnance Survey maps reveal about its recent history. Both the 1904 and 1938 six-inch editions show the western to northern arc of the enclosure as already levelled at those dates, most likely lost to agricultural clearance at some point in the nineteenth century or earlier. That lost section remains invisible on the ground today, buried beneath heavy overgrowth. The surviving portions of the bank are themselves densely overgrown, and a modern field boundary runs just outside the low south-western bank, edging close enough to suggest that the enclosure has long been treated as little more than an inconvenient irregularity in the pasture. Two gaps break the bank, one to the north-northeast and one to the southeast, each roughly two metres wide, though whether these represent original entrances or later breaks is not recorded.

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Pete F
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