Ringfort (Rath), Coulagh, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
On a north-facing slope above the Ferta river in south Kerry, a low earthen bank curves through rough grazing land in a rough circle, interrupted by gaps and worn nearly flat in places.
It is not the kind of monument that announces itself. But the geometry is deliberate, and the proportions, roughly 21.5 metres north to south and 23 metres east to west, place it squarely within the tradition of the Irish rath, a type of enclosed farmstead built predominantly during the early medieval period, between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries. Thousands of these sites survive across Ireland, yet each one repays attention on its own terms.
This particular rath is described as univallate, meaning it was defined by a single enclosing bank rather than the two or three concentric rings that mark higher-status sites. No trace of a fosse, the external ditch that typically accompanied such banks, survives here. The earthwork reaches its greatest external height of 1.85 metres at the north, though for much of its circuit it barely clears the surrounding ground. At the southeast, one of the few stretches where the bank still rises above the level of the interior, it stands 1.45 metres high with a basal width of just over three metres. Eroded gaps break the circuit at the northwest, northeast, and southeast, the result of centuries of disturbance. The gap at the south, a relatively neat 1.1 metres wide, may preserve the position of the original entrance. Inside the enclosure, in the southwest quadrant, lies a stony mound measuring roughly six metres by four and a half, with a central depression; this is thought to represent the remains of a hut, the modest domestic core around which the whole enclosure was organised.
The site sits a short distance east of a second monument on the opposite bank of the Ferta river, which suggests this small stretch of the Iveragh Peninsula once supported at least a modest concentration of early settlement. The survey of the peninsula compiled by A. O'Sullivan and J. Sheehan, published by Cork University Press in 1996, recorded the rath in this condition, much disturbed but still legible to anyone willing to read the landscape carefully.