Ecclesiastical enclosure, Ballinacorbeg, Co. Wicklow

Co. Wicklow |

Ecclesiastical Sites

Ecclesiastical enclosure, Ballinacorbeg, Co. Wicklow

What looks at a glance like an ordinary rural graveyard in County Wicklow is, on closer inspection, sitting inside the earthwork remains of a much older sacred landscape.

The modern church and its walled burial ground occupy a site that has been in religious use for many centuries, yet the original church has left no visible trace above ground. What survives instead is the ghost of an oval bivallate enclosure, the term for a site ringed by two concentric banks and ditches, a form typical of early medieval ecclesiastical foundations in Ireland. The inner bank has been quietly absorbed into the northern wall of the graveyard itself, before curving away to the south-west in the direction of the road. The outer bank, roughly three metres wide and just thirty centimetres high, and an external fosse, or ditch, nearly five metres wide, are still legible on the northern side, though the rest has long since been erased.

The site has been linked to a church known historically as Derrylossary, which was granted by the Archbishop of Dublin to the prebend of the Chancellor of St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, connecting this quiet Wicklow slope to one of the most significant ecclesiastical institutions in medieval Ireland. Three granite bullaun stones survive within the enclosure. Bullauns are boulders or slabs with one or more deliberately hollowed depressions, and they are a recurring feature of early Irish church sites, associated in folk tradition with healing and cursing alike, though their original function remains debated. One of the three stones sits inside the graveyard wall, one just outside it to the west, and one lies about fifteen metres to the north-east. A fourth bullaun, described by Price and Stephens in 1948 as lying around two hundred metres to the north-west of the church, was relocated by researcher Chris Corlett in 2005, suggesting that the immediate surroundings of the site hold more than is immediately obvious from the road.

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