Enclosure, Lissaniska, Co. Mayo

Co. Mayo |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Lissaniska, Co. Mayo

What survives at Lissaniska is not much to look at, by any conventional measure: a low curving bank, partly absorbed into the corner of a modern field, with hawthorn trees growing along its spine.

But that modest arc of earth, roughly 21 metres across, is likely the last remaining quadrant of a circular enclosure, the rest of it long since levelled by agriculture or simply lost to time. Circular earthwork enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape, typically associated with early medieval settlement and farming, though their dates and functions vary considerably. What makes this particular fragment quietly interesting is precisely how little of it remains, and how the modern field system has folded itself around and over the original form.

The enclosure does not appear on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1838, which suggests it was already too degraded by that point to be recorded by the surveyors, or simply overlooked. By the 1916 edition, however, a shallow hachured arc is shown curving from north to south-east, already truncated at its northern end by a field boundary running north-west to south-east. That boundary is still visible as an abrupt scarp on the northern side, standing roughly two metres high, and it is where two modern field fences converge at a corner that the surviving bank begins its curve to the south-west. The bank itself is modest in scale, around 2.8 metres wide, with an internal height of about half a metre on the north side and an external height of approximately one metre. The hawthorn trees growing along it are a common feature of old earthworks across Ireland, where undisturbed banks have provided centuries of shelter for such growth.

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